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  #41  
Old 30th August 2008, 16:21
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Rosa is still confused
Rosa likes Wittgenstein
We still don't know what Rosa's point it. Her best attempt at a point is contradictions do not exist
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  #42  
Old 30th August 2008, 16:26
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Quote:
Originally Posted by trivas7 View Post
Indeed, IMO what Rosa is attempting to do is to apply a causal and logical model upon Marxian analysis. But for Marx the only scientific method was to see social revolution in its historical context -- dynamic, acausal, and related in terms of an ecological ensemble of its material base, i.e., social relations, relation to nature, ideology, labor relations, the productive forces, lifestyle, etc.
You do realize that scientific explanations use causality, dynamics, and so forth, right?

Or are you seriously trying to assert that Marx's abandons causality?
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Old 30th August 2008, 17:32
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Originally Posted by Rosa Lichtenstein View Post
Ah, but you missed out the 'mutually exclusive' part, which ruins the whole story.
No; I never mentioned 'mutually exclusive'. It is you who keep reading your own misunderstanding into it.
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Old 30th August 2008, 17:36
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Originally Posted by ComradeRed View Post
You do realize that scientific explanations use causality, dynamics, and so forth, right?

Or are you seriously trying to assert that Marx's abandons causality?
Yes, exactly -- Marx's explanation in Capital of the process of social change is not a causal one. Newton's physics long before Marx had abandoned the search for causes.
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Last edited by trivas7; 30th August 2008 at 17:47.
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  #45  
Old 30th August 2008, 17:49
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Hiero:

Quote:
Rosa is still confused
Indeed I am, and it's about the same thing that you are confused about: the nature of 'dialectical contradictions'.

Quote:
Rosa likes Wittgenstein
And you like Mao. So, what is your point?

Quote:
We still don't know what Rosa's point it. Her best attempt at a point is contradictions do not exist
Well, I do not have to have a point; as I noted above, this is your thread, in which you sought to tell us what a 'dialectical contradiction is.

As I noted above:

1) You (not me) began this thread with the express intent of trying to explain to the good people here what a 'dialectical contradiction' is.

2) But, all you did was give a semi-abstract example of one while you failed to say (and now it seems you refuse to say) why it was a 'contradiction' to begin with, let alone a 'dialectical' one.

3) So, I am not trying to assert anything with respect to this, I am merely asking you to explain why the example you gave is in fact a contradiction.

4) You keep saying it is, but refuse to say why.

In that case, you have passed up a golden opportunity to tell us what a 'dialectical contradiction' is, and failed to answer any of my criticisms.

And the extent to which you can't think for yourself is revealed by the fact that you even have to copy my one-liners.

Hence, and yet again:

We still have no idea what is a 'dialectical contradiction' is

The 'best' attempt so far suggests that they cannot exist, and so cannot change anything --, or if they do exist, they imply that change cannot happen.
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  #46  
Old 30th August 2008, 17:53
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Trivas:

Quote:
No; I never mentioned 'mutually exclusive'. It is you who keep reading your own misunderstanding into it.
But you kept referring to 'others' who have responded to my criticisms, and they certainly mentioned this.

The phrase 'mutually exclusive' in fact comes from Scot Meikle, a definition that Gilhyle also endorses. So, it's not my invention.

No matter, your 'definition' does not work either (in fact it's worse than the one that Scot Meikle gave, which Gilhyle endorsed), as my posts on forces demonstrate.

You need to show where my arguments go wrong.

Until you do:

We still have no idea what is a 'dialectical contradiction' is

The 'best' attempt so far suggests that they cannot exist, and so cannot change anything --, or if they do exist, they imply that change cannot happen.
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  #47  
Old 30th August 2008, 18:00
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Trivas:

Quote:
Marx's explanation in Capital of the process of social change is not a causal one.
Where is your proof of this rather bold statement?

In fact, Marx endorsed a summary of 'his method' in which his work is described as quintessentially scientific, as Red indicated:

Quote:
"After a quotation from the preface to my 'Criticism of Political Economy,' Berlin, 1859, pp. IV-VII, where I discuss the materialistic basis of my method, the writer goes on:

'The one thing which is of moment to Marx, is to find the law of the phenomena with whose investigation he is concerned; and not only is that law of moment to him, which governs these phenomena, in so far as they have a definite form and mutual connexion within a given historical period. Of still greater moment to him is the law of their variation, of their development, i.e., of their transition from one form into another, from one series of connexions into a different one. This law once discovered, he investigates in detail the effects in which it manifests itself in social life. Consequently, Marx only troubles himself about one thing: to show, by rigid scientific investigation, the necessity of successive determinate orders of social conditions, and to establish, as impartially as possible, the facts that serve him for fundamental starting-points. For this it is quite enough, if he proves, at the same time, both the necessity of the present order of things, and the necessity of another order into which the first must inevitably pass over; and this all the same, whether men believe or do not believe it, whether they are conscious or unconscious of it. Marx treats the social movement as a process of natural history, governed by laws not only independent of human will, consciousness and intelligence, but rather, on the contrary, determining that will, consciousness and intelligence. ... If in the history of civilisation the conscious element plays a part so subordinate, then it is self-evident that a critical inquiry whose subject-matter is civilisation, can, less than anything else, have for its basis any form of, or any result of, consciousness. That is to say, that not the idea, but the material phenomenon alone can serve as its starting-point. Such an inquiry will confine itself to the confrontation and the comparison of a fact, not with ideas, but with another fact. For this inquiry, the one thing of moment is, that both facts be investigated as accurately as possible, and that they actually form, each with respect to the other, different momenta of an evolution; but most important of all is the rigid analysis of the series of successions, of the sequences and concatenations in which the different stages of such an evolution present themselves. But it will be said, the general laws of economic life are one and the same, no matter whether they are applied to the present or the past. This Marx directly denies. According to him, such abstract laws do not exist. On the contrary, in his opinion every historical period has laws of its own.... As soon as society has outlived a given period of development, and is passing over from one given stage to another, it begins to be subject also to other laws. In a word, economic life offers us a phenomenon analogous to the history of evolution in other branches of biology. The old economists misunderstood the nature of economic laws when they likened them to the laws of physics and chemistry. A more thorough analysis of phenomena shows that social organisms differ among themselves as fundamentally as plants or animals. Nay, one and the same phenomenon falls under quite different laws in consequence of the different structure of those organisms as a whole, of the variations of their individual organs, of the different conditions in which those organs function, &c. Marx, e.g., denies that the law of population is the same at all times and in all places. He asserts, on the contrary, that every stage of development has its own law of population. ... With the varying degree of development of productive power, social conditions and the laws governing them vary too. Whilst Marx sets himself the task of following and explaining from this point of view the economic system established by the sway of capital, he is only formulating, in a strictly scientific manner, the aim that every accurate investigation into economic life must have. The scientific value of such an inquiry lies in the disclosing of the special laws that regulate the origin, existence, development, death of a given social organism and its replacement by another and higher one. And it is this value that, in point of fact, Marx's book has.'

"Whilst the writer pictures what he takes to be actually my method, in this striking and [as far as concerns my own application of it] generous way, what else is he picturing but the dialectic method?" [Marx (1976), pp.101-02. Bold emphases added.]
And science, as you seem not to know, looks for causes.
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  #48  
Old 30th August 2008, 18:07
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Originally Posted by trivas7 View Post
Yes, exactly -- Marx's explanation in Capital of the process of social change is not a causal one. Newton's physics long before Marx had abandoned the search for causes.
This is a marvelous and baseless assertion. Being a physicist, I had no clue that Newton had abandoned the search for causes...particularly because in his Principia he writes:

Quote:
Originally Posted by Newton
RULES OF REASONING IN [Natural] PHILOSOPHY


RULE I

We are to admit no more causes of natural things than such as are both true and sufficient to explain their appearances.

To this purpose the philosophers say that Nature does nothing in vain, and more is in vain when less will serve; for Nature is pleased with simplicity, and affects not the pomp of superfluous causes.


RULE II

Therefore to the same natural effects we must, as far as possible, assign the same causes.

As to respiration in a man and in a beast; the descent of stones in Europe and in America; the light of our culinary fire and of the sun; the reflection of light in the earth, and in the planets.


RULE III

The qualities of bodies, which admit neither intensification nor remission of degrees, and which are found to belong to all bodies within the reach of our experiments, are to be esteemed the universal qualities of all bodies whatsoever.

For since the qualities of bodies are only known to us by experiments, we are to hold for universal all such as universally agree with experiments; and such as are not liable to diminution can never be quite taken away. We are certainly not to relinquish the evidence of experiments for the sake of dreams and vain fictions of our own devising; nor are we to recede from the analogy of Nature, which is wont to be simple, and always consonant to itself. We no other way know the extension of bodies than by our senses, nor do these reach it in all bodies; but because we perceive extension in all tht are sensible, therefore we ascribe it universally to all others also. That abundance of bodies are hard, we learn by experience; and because the hardness of the whole arises from the hardness of the parts, we therefore justly infer the hardness of the undivided particles not only of the bodies we feel but of all others. That all bodies are impenetrable, we gather not from reason, but from sensation. The bodies which we handle we find impenetrable, and thence conclude impenetrability to be an universal property of all bodies whatsoever. That all bodies are movable, and endowed with certain powers (which we call the inertia) of persevering in their motion, or in their rest, we only infer from the like properties observed in the bodies which we have seen. The extension, hardness, impenetrability, mobility, and inertia of the whole, result from the extension, hardness, impenetrability, mobility, and inertia of the parts; and hence we conclude the least particles of all bodies to be also all extended, and hard and impenetrable, and movable, and endowed with their proper inertia. And this is the foundation of all philosophy. Moreover, that the divided but contiguous particles of bodies may be separated from one another, is matter of observation; and, in the particles that remain undivided, our minds are able to distinguish yet lesser parts, as is mathematically demonstrated. But whether the parts so distinguished, and not yet divided, may, by the powers of Nature, be actually divided and separated from one another, we cannot certainly determine. Yet, had we the proof of but one experiment that any undivided particle, in breaking a hard and solid body, suffered a division, we might by virtue of this rule conclude that the undivided as well as the divided particles may be divided and actually separated to infinity.

Lastly, if it universally appears, by experiments and astronomical observations, that all bodies about the earth gravitate towards the earth, and that in proportion to the quantity of matter which they severally contain; that the moon likewise, according to the quantity of its matter, gravitates towards the earth; that, on the other hand, our sea gravitates towards the moon; and, all the planets one towards another; and the comets in like manner towards- the sun; we must, in consequence of this rule, universally allow that all bodies whatsoever are endowed with a principle of mutual gravitation.

For the argument from the appearances concludes with more force for the universal gravitation of all bodies than for their impenetrability; of which, among those in the celestial regions, we have no experiments, nor any manner of observation. Not that I affirm gravity to be essential to bodies: by their vis insita I mean nothing but their inertia. This is immutable. Their gravity is diminished as they recede from the earth.


RULE IV

In experimental philosophy we are to look, upon propositions inferred by general induction from phenomena as accurately or very nearly true, notwithstanding any contrary hypotheses that may be imagined, till such time as other phenomena occur, by which they may cither be made more accurate, or liable to exceptions.

This rule we must follow, that the argument of induction may not be evaded by hypotheses.
Principia by Isaac Newton (1729).

Would you care to try to explain your assertions in light of the above?

I can similarly quote Marx, but you don't quite seem to understand the concept of causality...
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Old 30th August 2008, 19:16
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Originally Posted by ComradeRed View Post
This is a marvelous and baseless assertion. Being a physicist, I had no clue that Newton had abandoned the search for causes...particularly because in his Principia he writes:

I can similarly quote Marx, but you don't quite seem to understand the concept of causality...
Would you care to state what cause you think Newton's laws of motion or his laws of universal gravitation as expounded in the Principia explain? Or where the concept of causality is in Capital?
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Old 30th August 2008, 19:25
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Would you care to state what cause you think Newton's laws of motion or his laws of universal gravitation as expounded in the Principia explain?
What "cause" Newton's laws as expounded in the Principia explains? This is barely grammatically correct...

In fact it's a metaphysical question (gasp).

I could explain to you how Newton's laws are an approximation, and how general relativistic mechanics explains motion then recover Newton's laws in an appropriate limit...but I am more than certain that you would straw man the entire explanation to something bizarre.

Quote:
Or where the concept of causality is in Capital?
Try Chapter 13, wherein Marx explains the origin of capitalism...

You really don't seem to understand the notion of causality.

If Marx worked without causality, that would mean there is no reason (no cause) for anything to happen.

Why did capitalism come about? There are certain material conditions which make it so, that notion requires causality!

Causality is kind of one of the two foundational concepts in science...the other one I doubt you'd like any better!
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Old 30th August 2008, 20:17
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It is of course a mistake to think that in ordinary or scientific language we only have one word to express our ideas about causation, that is 'cause'. We have in fact many hundreds, if not thousands. Here is a greatly shortened list:

Quote:
Make, produce, borrow, conjure, bend, straighten, twist, turn, wrap, pluck, tear, mend, sharpen, modify, develop, expand, divide, unite, melt, drop, pick up, unwind, wind, peel, scrape, file, scour, dislodge, mix, separate, cut, chop, crush, grind, shred, slice, dice, saw, spread, roll, spin, rotate, snap, join, resign, sell, buy, lose, find, search, cover, uncover, stretch, compress, lift, put down, win, conceive, alter, adjust, amend, revise, edit, grow, fold, steady, push, pull, slide, jump, run, walk, swim, drown, immerse, break, charge, retreat, assault, dismantle, pulverise, disintegrate, dismember, replace, undo, reverse, repeal, enact, quash, invent, innovate, rescind, destroy, annihilate, exorcise, haunt, boil, freeze, thaw, cook, liquefy, solidify, congeal, neutralise, flatten, crimple, evaporate, condense, dissolve, mollify, pacify, calm down, terminate, initiate, instigate, enrage, inflame, protest, challenge, struggle, expel, eject, remove, overthrow, expropriate, scatter, gather, assemble, defeat, strike, revolt, riot, march, demonstrate, rebel, campaign, agitate, organise…
Marx uses many of the above words throughout his writings, as here:

Quote:
People make their own history, but they do not make it just as they please: they do not make it under circumstances chosen by themselves, but under circumstances directly encountered, given and transmitted from the past. The tradition of all the dead generations weighs like a nightmare on the brain of the living. And just when they seem engaged in revolutionising themselves and things, in creating something that has never yet existed, precisely in such periods of revolutionary crisis they anxiously conjure up the spirits of the past to their service and borrow from them names, battle cries and costumes in order to present the new scene of world history in this time-honoured disguise and borrowed language.
Quote:
A spectre is haunting Europe — the spectre of communism. All the powers of old Europe have entered into a holy alliance to exorcise this spectre: Pope and Tsar, Metternich and Guizot, French Radicals and German police-spies.
Quote:
The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles.

Freeman and slave, patrician and plebeian, lord and serf, guild-master and journeyman, in a word, oppressor and oppressed, stood in constant opposition to one another, carried on an uninterrupted, now hidden, now open fight, a fight that each time ended, either in a revolutionary reconstitution of society at large, or in the common ruin of the contending classes.
Quote:
Our epoch, the epoch of the bourgeoisie, possesses, however, this distinct feature: it has simplified class antagonisms. Society as a whole is more and more splitting up into two great hostile camps, into two great classes directly facing each other — Bourgeoisie and Proletariat.

From the serfs of the Middle Ages sprang the chartered burghers of the earliest towns. From these burgesses the first elements of the bourgeoisie were developed
From Chapter One of Das Kapital:

Quote:
If then we leave out of consideration the use value of commodities, they have only one common property left, that of being products of labour. But even the product of labour itself has undergone a change in our hands. If we make abstraction from its use value, we make abstraction at the same time from the material elements and shapes that make the product a use value; we see in it no longer a table, a house, yarn, or any other useful thing. Its existence as a material thing is put out of sight. Neither can it any longer be regarded as the product of the labour of the joiner, the mason, the spinner, or of any other definite kind of productive labour. Along with the useful qualities of the products themselves, we put out of sight both the useful character of the various kinds of labour embodied in them, and the concrete forms of that labour; there is nothing left but what is common to them all; all are reduced to one and the same sort of labour, human labour in the abstract.

Let us now consider the residue of each of these products; it consists of the same unsubstantial reality in each, a mere congelation of homogeneous human labour, of labour power expended without regard to the mode of its expenditure. All that these things now tell us is, that human labour power has been expended in their production, that human labour is embodied in them. When looked at as crystals of this social substance, common to them all, they are – Values.
And so on...

It would not be difficult to fill dozens of pages with quotations that show that Marx used the ordinary language of change and causation to express his ideas --, a resource, incidentally, that is far richer than that found in the highly limited, obscure jargon of dialectics.
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Old 30th August 2008, 21:05
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Originally Posted by ComradeRed View Post
What "cause" Newton's laws as expounded in the Principia explains? This is barely grammatically correct...
What part of English grammar don't you understand?
Quote:
I could explain to you how Newton's laws are an approximation, and how general relativistic mechanics explains motion then recover Newton's laws in an appropriate limit...but I am more than certain that you would straw man the entire explanation to something bizarre.
Nevertheless the fact remains that Newton doesn't explain the cause of anything.
Quote:
Try Chapter 13, wherein Marx explains the origin of capitalism...

If Marx worked without causality, that would mean there is no reason (no cause) for anything to happen.
No, it would mean that Marx isn't giving a causal explanation of capitalism.
Quote:
Why did capitalism come about? There are certain material conditions which make it so, that notion requires causality!

Causality is kind of one of the two foundational concepts in science...the other one I doubt you'd like any better!
My point is exactly not so for Marx. Yes, all bourgeois economists looked for causes, Marx was not one of them.
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Old 30th August 2008, 21:16
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Originally Posted by trivas7 View Post
What part of English grammar don't you understand?
Are you thinking out loud now? You were the one who wrote that barely coherent sentence...

Quote:
Nevertheless the fact remains that Newton doesn't explain the cause of anything.
Ah here is the straw man.

Newton explains how bodies move in three simple rules.

You are asking "Where does this come from?" Empirical observation. "What causes these rules to work?" That's a meaningless question, why not ask "What's north of the north pole?"

Quote:
No, it would mean that Marx isn't giving a causal explanation of capitalism.
You are using sophistry to redefine causality as you please, it appears!

Would you care to explain why it isn't causal, or are you going to remain asserting things baselessly without evidence?

Quote:
My point is exactly not so for Marx. Yes, all bourgeois economists looked for causes, Marx was not one of them.
The vulgar economists pretend to do so, but in reality do not.

Marx was explaining the dynamics of capitalism with Capital, that's kind of the importance of the Law of accumulation.

If he were doing it "acausally" he wouldn't have set up a system that works in a causal way...

For instance, the capitalist invests money in the firm. How does he do so? With money that is revenue from the sales of commodities or from a loan from a bank or some other institution. This is kind of causal in nature...would you care to explain why it isn't?
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Old 30th August 2008, 21:46
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Originally Posted by ComradeRed View Post
Newton explains how bodies move in three simple rules.
Exactly. Unfortunately for you these don't constitute a cause.
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You are asking "Where does this come from?" Empirical observation. "What causes these rules to work?" That's a meaningless question, why not ask "What's north of the north pole?"
But the answer to the question "what causes things" is exactly what Aristotle meant by science. Science for Aristotle was finding the cause of things. Which Newton never attempted. Which is exactly my point. What was yours?
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If he were doing it "acausally" he wouldn't have set up a system that works in a causal way...

For instance, the capitalist invests money in the firm. How does he do so? With money that is revenue from the sales of commodities or from a loan from a bank or some other institution. This is kind of causal in nature...would you care to explain why it isn't?
If you think that Marx in Capital sets up a system that works in a causal way, so be it. I don't read him as a determinist.
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Old 30th August 2008, 21:55
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Exactly. Unfortunately for you these don't constitute a cause.
Yes, we've established that you are being ambiguous.

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But the answer to the question "what causes things" is exactly what Aristotle meant by science. Science for Aristotle was finding the cause of things. Which Newton never attempted. Which is exactly my point. What was yours?
Apparently, you're the only person that uses Aristotle's definition of "science" (assuming he did indeed define it that way, like everything else from you this appears to be an assertion without evidence).

But don't let that stop you!

The Newtonian laws of motion have been used to explain the orbits of the planets and the motions of bodies...why does it move this way? Well, by the first law it does so!

You ask why are the laws of motion valid; that is a metaphysical question. You don't seem to grasp this point: your argument is grounded in metaphysical nonsense!

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Please cite where Marx in Capital sets up a system that works causally.
You are oblivious to what was just stated, how cute. See Part VII: The Accumulation of Capital.

I am certain you are going to assert, baselessly no doubt, that it's "not causal" and then give absolutely no reasoning why.

That appears to be your approach to these matters...
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Old 30th August 2008, 22:09
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The Newtonian laws of motion have been used to explain the orbits of the planets and the motions of bodies...why does it move this way? Well, by the first law it does so!
Again, be as imprecise as you like, the Newtonian laws of motion aren't an explanation of planetary motions, merely a description of them.
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You ask why are the laws of motion valid; that is a metaphysical question. You don't seem to grasp this point: your argument is grounded in metaphysical nonsense!
No, I'm not asking why the laws of motion are valid. I'm saying that for Marx science wasn't looking for causal explanations, which is what you seem to be insisting he ought to do.
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Old 30th August 2008, 22:51
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Trivas:

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Again, be as imprecise as you like, the Newtonians laws of motion aren't an explanation of planetary motions, merely a description of them.
Depends what you mean by 'explanation'.

In a perfectly ordinary sense these laws are.

So, what sense are you attaching to 'explanation' here?

Unless you say, your objection is as empty as your 'definition' of 'dialectical contradiction' ever was.

Quote:
I'm saying that for Marx science wasn't looking for causal explanations, which is what you seem to be insisting he ought to do.
Once more, where is your proof of this?

As I showed, Marx used the same kind of causal language you use in everyday life, so, according to the language he used, he was seeking causal explanations, as Red says.

Unless you can show otherwise, once more, your allegations are inadmissable.
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Old 30th August 2008, 23:29
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Depends what you mean by 'explanation'.
If you think that an explanation is the same thing as a description, you're just wrong.
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Where is your proof of this?
It is merely my reading of Capital, you are welcome to your determinist and ideal one.
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As I showed, Marx used the same kind of causal language you use in everyday life, so, according to the language he used, he was seeking causal explanations, as Red says.
In your usual simple-mindedness you equate the use of causal language (whatever that means) used in everyday life with a causal explanation of phenomena.
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Old 31st August 2008, 00:32
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Trivas:

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If you think that an explanation is the same thing as a description, you're just wrong.
Where did I say that they were the same? However, we do not know what sense of 'explanation' you are using.

Even so, in a perfectly ordinary way, Newton's Laws are explanatory.

Now, it may be that you are using 'explanation' idiosyncratically -- or it may not. But, until you tell us, your challenge remains an empty one.

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It is merely my reading of Capital, you are welcome to your determinist and ideal one.
Where on earth did you get the idea that I was a determinist? in fact, if you look at the free will threads here, you will see that I am a sharp critic of determinism.

And causation does not imply determinism.

Moreover, as we have already established, it is your reading of Das Kapital that is idealist. This is because I have shown that Marx abandoned the idealist method you have swallowed (aka 'the dialectic' as it is traditionally understood), in that book.

Quote:
In your usual simple-mindedness you equate the use of causal language (whatever that means) used in everyday life with a causal explanation of phenomena.
Well, even scientists have to use this language to make their theories work -- and, as I have shown, Marx also adopted this 'simple-minded' approach to causation. So, once more, it is you that is out of line.

Anyway, we are still waiting for your proof that Marx was not offering a causal account in Das Kapital.

However, previous experience with the way you dodge/ignore awkward questions about other bold pronouncements you come out with from time to time suggests perhaps that the US will cease to an imperialist power long before you give an answer here.

Still, what else could be expected of a dogmatist like you who 'does not think about things he doesn't think about'?
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Old 31st August 2008, 01:43
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However, previous experience with the way you dodge/ignore awkward questions about other bold pronouncements you come out with from time to time suggests perhaps that the US will cease to an imperialist power long before you give an answer here.
Not so; just the stupid ones you keep bringing up, Rosa.
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